2016 - Christopher Carfi

Let’s make a Boop Button.

A couple of weeks ago, I saw that Amazon had made their AWS IoT button available. This is the same base hardware they use for their “Dash” buttons, and I thought it might make a fun weekend project to see what I could do with an internet of things button that could be programmed. Plus, who doesn’t want an excuse for a little weekend hacking? It was Maker Faire weekend last week, after all, and I felt inspired. I ordered a couple of the buttons from Amazon for about $20 each. They showed up a couple days later via Amazon Prime.

The button itself is pretty much the simplest thing possible; it’s a chunk of plastic about the size of my thumb, with a big white button on it and a tiny LED.

I started thinking about the fun things that could be done with the push of a button. I could control a Philips Hue lightbulb! Or have it play music! Oooh, it could turn on the coffeemaker! Summon a Tesla! Launch a rocket! My imagination went wild for a while. After thinking about it for a bit, I decided to start with something a little more straightforward. I decided to see if I could make it so that when someone pushed the button, the system would send me a text message that said “Boop!”

Here’s everything I needed to do in order to configure the “Boop Button.”

UPDATE #1: I just received a very nice note from Jinesh Varia, who is part of the Amazon AWS developer relations team. They have made a few changes to the process. I’ve included Jinesh’s email at the bottom of the post, which updates Step 3, Step 5 and Step 6. I’ll inline the changes here at a future time when I’ve had a chance to grab screenshots and such.

1. Set up an AWS account

You’ll need an AWS account to use your AWS IoT button. Set up an account here http://aws.amazon.com/. Once you’ve done this, it would be adviseable for you to have a look at some aws cloud monitoring options that can ensure that your cloud computing never runs into any serious issues that could put your data at risk. If you already have a system ready and just want it moved over to use AWS then you can always use a AWS migration service.

2. Understand a few terms

Within the AWS IoT button world, there are a few concepts that it took me a few minutes to wrap my head around regarding a “device,” the associated “certificate and key” and a “policy.” If you don’t have any much knowledge on AWS, I would recommend doing something like this aws certified developer associate practice exam beforehand. AWS can be quite tricky to understand, especially if you’re a beginner, so taking a certified exam might help you out with the gaps in your knowledge.

Thing (also called a Device) – This is a representation in your AWS account of the IoT button itself.
Certificate and Key – These are two files you’ll need to secure the interactions between your AWS IoT button and the Amazon AWS service.
Policy – This is a list of the AWS IoT services that your button should have access to.

Those pieces all work together to form the basis of the infrastructure that your IoT button will talk to. Let’s set them up and get those pieces in place.

3. Configure your device, certificate, key and policy

Go to https://aws.amazon.com/iot/button/ and login to the console. It’s important to note the UI on this page is horrible. There’s a button called “Login to the Console.” Click that one.

Clicking on the “Login to the Console” button will take you to a simple wizard that does a lot of the behind the scenes configuration for you. Fill out the fields on the wizard and click “Generate certificate and keys.”

Important! Download both the certificate file and key file to your computer. You’ll need them in the next step to configure the button itself. Got both the certificate and the key files created and saved locally on your computer? Good. Let’s keep going.

The confirmation screen also should also list “endpoint subdomain” and “endpoint region” information. Write these down. You’ll need them in the next step. They tell your button where to send its information when you press it.

It’s now time to configure the physical button itself.

4. Connect the AWS IoT button to your wifi network

This next part of the process involves configuring the physical button itself. First, you’ll need to disconnect your computer from your primary wifi network and connect the computer to the IoT button in order to configure the button so the button can talk to your primary wifi network.

Hold down the white button on the IoT button for five to ten seconds until the LED on the IoT button flashes blue. This means the device is now in its configuration mode and it has started up its own wifi network access point.
Connect your computer to the wifi network that the button created. The network will be named something like “Button ConfigureMe – X99” and it requires a password. The WPA2-PSK password to connect to the button’s wifi network is the last eight digits of the device serial number written on the back of the button.
Once your computer is connected to the Button ConfigureMe network, go to http://192.168.0.1/index.html. 192-168-1-1 is your router IP address, for more information on what you can do with this, follow that link. The page is a configuration page that the button is serving up from a tiny little web server built into the button itself.
Fill in your primary wifi connection information on the form, upload the certificate and key from the previous step, and fill in the “endpoint subdomain” and “endpoint region” information you wrote down a moment ago.

At this point, the LED on your IoT button should flash white a number of times, and then it should flash green. The white flash means it’s connecting to your primary wifi network, and the green flash means it was able to connect to the AWS endpoint. This is good! (If you see it flash red, that means that something was misconfigured. Amazon has published a list of what all the IoT button LED codes mean. The Troubleshooting Guide at the bottom of this page explains all the flashing LED codes.)

5. Set up the rule that will fire when the IoT button is pressed

So far so good! Your button now is configured and can send a message to the AWS infrastructure. Now, let’s configure a rule to fire on AWS when it receives the message from your button. This rule will live on the AWS “Lambda” infrastructure, which is their engine for things like this. If you were working through the wizard on the prior step, clicking “next” should take you to the page to set up the function. If for some reason it didn’t you can click here and get to the right page in the wizard to set up the function.

In the first phase of getting the Boop Button to work, pressing the button sends me an email, and then I’ll use that email as a trigger to send me the “Boop!” text message. It’s a simple way to see if I can get all the parts to execute together. This sample function brought up by the wizard sends an email when it receives a message from the IoT button. That’s handy.

In this step of the wizard, fill in a name for your function, and then make a couple of tweaks to the sample code.

On Line 8, update the constant to the email address you want to receive a message when the IoT button is pressed.

Read lines 10-15 of the sample code carefully. I missed this the first time I did this and it took me forever to figure out what was wrong.

* NOTE: Your function’s execution role needs specific permissions for SNS operations.

* Copy the following policy JSON document below. When you select an execution role for

* this function, choose “Basic execution role”. In the new tab that opens, expand “View

* Policy Document”, click Edit, and replace the entire policy document with the copied

* one. Then, click Allow to create your new execution role.

What this means is copy the JSON object on lines 16-40 and save them for the next step.

Choose “Basic execution role” from the dropdown.

This will open up a new window. In that new window, expand the policy document, choose “Create a new Role Policy” and click “Edit.” Then paste the JSON object you copied a few seconds ago into the box (replacing the original contents of the box), and click “Allow” in the lower right to create the role.

You should see a message that says “Successful” and you should be returned to the screen you were just on.

Click “Next.”

You should now be on a review screen.

All should look good. Click “Create function.”

The system will now take you to a screen where you can enable this function. If state is “disabled,” click on the link to toggle the state and enable the function.

6. Test the AWS IoT button

Ok, deep breath. Let the system settle for a minute or two, and now it’s time for the first test. Press the big white button on your IoT button once, like ringing a doorbell. What should happen is the following:

It should flash white a few times as it connects to your wifi.
It should then flash green as it sends the message to AWS.
AWS will execute the function and should send an email.

Let’s see what happened.

Ok, from here on out it’s a cakewalk.

I set up an If This Then That (IFTTT) rule to listen for an email from my IoT button and, if I get that email in my Gmail box, to send me a text.

Let’s see what happens.

I push the button.

An email shows up in my Gmail, and…I just got a text message. It works!

7. Summary

One thing I learned from getting the Boop Button working is that while the Amazon documentation is technically all there, it’s sometime disjointed and difficult to follow. The key steps are:

Get an AWS IoT button
Set up the AWS thing, certificate, key and policy in your AWS account
Install the certificate and key on the physical AWS IoT button, connect the IoT button to your wifi network and ensure it can connect to AWS
Set up the rule that will fire when AWS receives the message from the IoT button

The first time through, this took a couple of hours to get everything working. Now that the basics are in place, next enhancement is to see if it’s possible to send an SMS directly from Amazon and not need to go through IFTTT. After that, another future enhancement is to use the IoT button to call other arbitrary functions instead of sending an email.

Boop!

UPDATE #1 (continued):

Here is the note I received from Jinesh at Amazon.

“Hi Christopher,

I work on the AWS IoT Team and currently manage the AWS IoT Button project. I have been at AWS almost 10 years now.

First, Thanks a lot for the excellent blog post. We have sent the reference to multiple customers on how to get started quickly. But most importantly it has helped me and my team to know what we need to fix. In the spirit of customer obsession, primarily driven by your blog post, we have made a few updates that will simplify the getting started experience:

Step 3: you can find the blueprint now in the Lambda console “Create Function” by just typing “button” in the filter box. You will also get this link now in the IoT Console so its easy to find.

Step 5 (most important one): We have updated the console wizard now so the SNS permissions template is pre-selected with the blueprint and long Step 5 is now not needed anymore. This was our biggest pain point today so thanks for giving us the feedback and with the new deployment, developers don’t have to do all the steps.

Step 6: One more way to test the button is to use the MQTT Client in the browser. Subscribe to the topic “iotbutton/+”

Your post is excellent and we will continue to refine and make it even more easier for developers to get started with the button. I would be highly obliged if you can update the post with the above edits so your readers get the most updated information.

I would love your additional feedback if there is any way we can further improve: More blueprints, More easier way to get started, more ideas for developers?

Jin
AWS IoT”

Times Square snowboarding in the New York Blizzard in 2016.
By now you’ve probably seen the video of the guy snowboarding through Times Square while being pulled by a Jeep. It can seem like a random occurrence when viral videos* happen. All of a sudden, out of the blue, it seems like something catches on fire and instantly it is everywhere.

Let’s take a few minutes and dissect everything that had to happen for this “random” occurrence to come to pass.

Step One: Bust your ass for five years or more.

Remember that video from 2011 of the random guy riding in the bike lanes of New York City? The entire video was of a bicyclist crashing into cars and obstacles that were obstructing the bike lane. That bike lanes video was done by a guy named Casey Neistat, who was peeved that he’d received a $50 fine from the NYPD for riding his bike in the regular traffic lanes.

You know who made this snowboarding video? Casey Neistat. He’s been honing his craft, making videos day in and day out out for over half a decade.

Here’s the video, in case you hadn’t seen it yet. It’s awesome.

Step Two: Hustle. Always.

If this video had gone out tomorrow (Monday), he probably would have been too late. He and his team knew they had their window where they could catch the zeitgeist. They had to publish it today if they were going to do it at all.

Step Three: Have a kick ass team that is no bigger than it needs to be.

The core of this video was done with three people. One person to ride, one person to shoot, one person to drive the Jeep. There’s no crew, there’s no committee. Everyone’s a doer.

Step Four: Start from a position of strength

Casey’s channel has over ~~1.8~~ 1.9 million subscribers. He has a legion of followers. He publishes videos nearly every day. Not every one of his videos will go “viral.” Not even close. However, having that consistent connection with his community means that the stage is set for something to take off when the opportunity arises.

Step Five: Be willing to throw stuff away and break things to do something great.

They dumped multiple cameras in the snow during the shooting of this. While the final video was under three minutes, they were clearly out there for hours getting everything they needed. The majority of the footage that was shot will never see the light of day, and that’s ok.

Step Six: Everyone knows there is snowmaggeddon drama in New York and Times Square today

There is already massive attention focused on New York and the East Coast today. This video wasn’t creating a new wave, it was catching one that was already rocketing along.

Step Seven: Did I mention hustle?

From the behind the scenes video, they said they started shooting at nine in the morning and finished everything up, including editing, at one o’clock the next morning. If my math is right, that is 16 hours of focused time in the zone over the course of a single day to get this done. It had to be done, so they did it.

Step Eight: Have the right team

Per the point above, it’s not just important to have a focused team, it’s critical to have the right team. For this effort, it sure seemed like everyone knew their role, be it driver, boarder or cameraman. Everyone on the team knew what to do before the snow even started falling. High-functioning teams have muscle memory, and don’t need to think about what to do next. They just do it. As such, folks could play their position and do exactly what they needed to do, and not get in each others’ way. This sure appears to be a high-functioning team. People were not running into each other trying to figure out who should be working on what. Everyone knew what to do.

Step Nine: Create something that works

The video itself is fantastic. They started with the spectre of conflict with the NYPD. They also set the stage right out of the gate that this is something that it is fun, uncommon, and a little bit illicit and perhaps even illegal. That builds drama and builds interest throughout the video in what the outcome will be.

The shots are tight and the editing was great. I don’t think there’s a single shot in there that is over three seconds before the next cut.

There is a narrative, a protagonist and a host of supporting characters. You have the “stars” doing the actual riding behind the Jeep, but there are a number of outstanding interactions with passersby that happen a few times during the video. Throughout, the vibe that permeates the video is that this is fun, this is a community thing, and this is something that anybody could do. They even bring some of the folks from the street into the fun as well. The entire video feels participatory, not exclusionary.

Above and beyond the images of riding a snowboard through Times Square and the streets of New York, the shots had something unexpected in almost every scene. The high drone shot is outstanding. And seeing someone pass through a car-free Times Square is something that we rarely see.

The story arc comes around and resolves at the end of the video. While I smiled at nearly every scene, I also spent the entire video wondering when they were going to get busted. They finally do get pulled over — and the reaction of the cops is priceless and unexpected. They nailed the title of the video as well, setting up its inherent tension and conflict.

People love stories.

Step Ten: There was more to the story.

They shared the behind the scenes making of this as well; that is a much longer and deeper piece. Also of note: the first time I clicked through to the behind-the-scenes video, I did see a full-length ad that required viewing before the behind-the-scenes video could be seen. This was totally OK with me. I had gotten the initial “fun” video without any ad intrusions, and I was certainly fine sitting through a 15 second preroll to see everything that went in to making this piece of joyousness. From my standpoint, that approach showed respect for the audience. Instead of trying to immediately jump on and throw an ad to block things in the initial video, I wonder if they made the explicit call to have the initial video accessible with zero friction and try to make a couple of bucks off of the clickthroughs to the behind-the-scenes video.

Here’s the behind the scenes video. A lot of work and hustle went into this.

Step Eleven: Assume things will go wrong, and plan for that.

In the behind the scenes video, you’ll see the videographer backing up video files as they are going along, just in case something went sideways. He also notes that they trashed a number of cameras, and their primary camera, that they probably would’ve used without mishaps, actually shot some of the worst footage. It sounds like they thought they used the wrong lens, which is why video coming out of the “gimbal camera” was foggy and not as clear as the other shots. Things happen. Play the hand you’re dealt.

So what’s the secret to going viral?

Big wins like this are not completely unexpected. Success is not a lightning striking randomly thing. So what’s the secret to success?

Number one: Bust your ass for years.
Number two: Hone your craft.
Number three: Be willing to throw things away.
And number four: Hustle.

* – By the way. I hate that term with the fire of a thousand suns.

Year: 2016

How to set up an AWS IoT button